Results of our Annual FBO Fuel Sales Survey are in, and we are happy to report that 75 percent of FBOs responding to the survey experienced positive — increased or the same — fuel sales in 2018 compared to 2017.
This is the third consecutive year we have seen an increase in fuel sales by more than half of FBOs responding.
No doubt you have noticed the increase in fuel prices. Since the beginning of year, Jet A has increased by more than 20 cents per gallon.
The impact on your FBO can be felt in cash outlay. For instance, if you recently purchased an 8500-gallon load of Jet A, you probably paid $1700 more than in early January.
If you haven’t been diligent about tracking fuel prices and adjusting your posted price along the way, a $1700 hit to the bottom line is substantial. What about increasing those contract prices that always seem to be too low?
By John L. Enticknap and Ron R. Jackson, Principals, Aviation Business Strategies Group
In our last blog post, we introduced our new series on the 10 essential elements of a favorable fuel supplier agreement which is one of the six intangibles that can build equity in your FBO.
For this blog post, we'll break down three of the favorable fuel supplier agreement elements and provide insight and tips to help you protect your business while adding intrinsic value.
Before we detail each of these elements, it is important to understand that you should act in your own best interest by first going out for competitive bids to several fuel suppliers. This will give you a better understanding of the parameters set by each fuel supplier and which incentives are available that may help you in your negotiating process.
In a nutshell, you should protect your enterprise from engaging in an agreement that is excessively long in order to maintain flexibility within an ever changing industry landscape. As you grow your business, and in particular your fuel volume, you can gain leverage by keeping the term of your fuel supplier agreement within a three- to five-year period. You may find that you can obtain a better fuel price by a longer-term agreement, but you may lose the desired flexibility that a shorter term provides.
Understanding fuel pricing methodology will increase your odds of negotiating a favorable agreement. If your FBO is pumping at least 300,000 to 400,000 gallons per year, you should be able to get a contract that has an index-based pricing formula. That way, you can negotiate the differential fee to be paid to your supplier. The differential is the profit margin that the supplier will be receiving on each fuel purchase by the FBO. Unbundle your pricing structure so you know each cost element. For example:
This pricing formula applies to Jet A purchases. Avgas pricing, on the other hand, is determined at the time of purchase.
Don't overlook or downplay this element, for there are savings that you can negotiate. First, you need to know the primary terminal and secondary terminal where your Jet A fuel and Avgas will be picked up by the transportation company. Delivery should favor your FBO schedule, such as at night or during the slow periods during the day. This will optimize time for quality control to be completed efficiently.
Also, obtain proposals from multiple transportation firms. Although they must be approved by your supplier, this can benefit your effort to minimize costs. After all, you, as the FBO owner/operator, are the ultimate customer. You should also determine any extra charges, such as delays in delivery, extra charges for high cost of fuel or other fees. Although extra charges for high cost of fuel are not an issue in today’s market, they have been in the past.
As we work through each of these elements, please keep in mind that there are many factors and nuances that we will not be able to expound on in the framework of a blog. Therefore, we encourage you to attend one of our NATA FBO Success Seminars where we spend additional time and discussion on these important topics as well as others.
About the bloggers:
John Enticknap has more than 35 years of aviation fueling and FBO services industry experience. Ron Jackson is co-founder of Aviation Business Strategies Group and president of The Jackson Group, a PR agency specializing in FBO marketing and customer service training. Visit the biography page or absggroup.com for more background.
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By John L. Enticknap and Ron R. Jackson, Principals, Aviation Business Strategies Group
As a follow-up to our Mid-Year FBO Fuel Sales Survey results posted in our last blog, we are taking out our crystal ball and gazing ever so cautiously yet optimistically into the next six months with the following observations.
In reviewing the primary survey results, we found 45 percent of respondents experienced an increase in Jet A fuel sales for the first six months of 2015 compared to the same period in 2014. Add to that another 26 percent reporting flat fuel sales during this period, and you have a grand total of 71 percent of the FBOs experiencing at least the same or improved fuel sales.
At first blush, this may not seem like a big deal, especially to the uninitiated. However, for the FBOs that survived and lived through the years of decline since the big economic bubble burst of 2008, this news is music to their ears. Finally, we are starting to see a positive trend.
Gazing back into our crystal ball for a moment, we see some more positive news for the FBO industry.
First let’s look at the data released by ARGUS International, Inc., which tracks the monthly business aircraft flight activity in the United States. For five consecutive months, March through July, ARGUS found that flight activity was positive for most or all aircraft categories compared to the same periods in 2014. This activity, we feel, is a start of a healthy trend: more business aircraft hours flown, more turbine aircraft on FBO ramps, more Jet A sales.
Although the General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA) is reporting an overall decline in aircraft shipments for the first six months of 2015, our experience is that flight hours have to consistently increase before manufacturers see an uptick in their order books. As flight hours increase, the demand for new or replacement aircraft also increases. Historically, the two go hand in hand. From where we sit, it is just a matter of time before this happens.
In other economic news, the Fed recently reported that although the economy is expanding slowly, there is positive news in the U.S. manufacturing sector, especially in the automobile industry. Historically, as U.S. manufacturing increases and expands, business flight hours also increase giving credence to the NBAA and GAMA initiative No Plane No Gain.
As we put our crystal ball away until our next Annual FBO Fuel Sales Survey in January, we can say that overall, we are very bullish on the FBO industry right now.
In our next blog, we take a look at some of the answers received from FBOs on our mid-year survey when asked, “What has been your biggest challenge so far in 2015?”
About the bloggers:
John Enticknap has more than 35 years of aviation fueling and FBO services industry experience. Ron Jackson is co-founder of Aviation Business Strategies Group and president of The Jackson Group, a PR agency specializing in FBO marketing and customer service training. Visit the biography page or absggroup.com for more background.
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By John L. Enticknap and Ron R. Jackson, Principals, Aviation Business Strategies Group
Following our Annual FBO Fuel Sales Survey, we initiated our first Mid-Year Fuel Sales Survey. Please note this is a top-line survey designed only to gauge trends. The survey database was provided by AC-U-KWIK.
As a quick review, the annual survey results we released in January indicated that 49 percent of FBOs surveyed reported an increase in Jet A fuel sales in 2014 compared to the results of 2013 while 18 percent reported fuel sales to be about the same. This gives a total of 67 percent reporting having at least the same fuel sales or improved fuel sales over 2013. (For complete results of our annual survey, please click here.)
As part of this mid-year survey, we asked:
For the first six months of 2015, compared to the same period in 2014, are your Jet A fuel sales:
A total of 45 percent of the FBOs responding to the survey reported sales were up from a year ago with 26 percent indicating sales were about the same. That’s a total of 71 percent reporting having at least the same fuel sales or improved fuel sales from a year ago.
Conversely, 29 percent indicated Jet A fuel sales were down in 2015 compared to the same first six months of 2014.
For this mid-year survey, we also wanted to get a feel for the average posted Jet A retail price so we asked:
What has been your average posted retail price per gallon of Jet A over the past six months? Respondents were given a choice of price ranges with the following responses:
As we all know, because of various industry discount programs, the majority of FBOs do not sell Jet A fuel at the posted retail price. However, the results of this survey question can provide insight into what FBOs are posting on average.
Further, it has been our experience in consulting with many FBOs as well as conducting the NATA FBO Success Seminar, that the average margin on Jet A fuel sales runs between $1.30 and $1.60 per gallon. FBOs that are consistently selling Jet A Fuel below a margin $1.10 are having a hard time of making ends meet.
For our next blog post, we’ll draw some conclusions and take a look at the responses we received from our write-in question:
What has been your biggest challenge so far in 2015? Some of the answers may surprise you.
About the bloggers:
John Enticknap has more than 35 years of aviation fueling and FBO services industry experience. Ron Jackson is co-founder of Aviation Business Strategies Group and president of The Jackson Group, a PR agency specializing in FBO marketing and customer service training. Visit the biography page or absggroup.com for more background.
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“You hit home runs not by chance but by preparation.” – Roger Maris
Your fuel supply agreement is one of the most important contracts in operating a successful FBO. Your lease with the airport authority is what puts you in business, but your fuel supply agreement is what keeps you in business.
Because your fuel supplier agreement regularly comes up for renewal, do not just go out and get a “free” dinner with a fuel supplier and sign on the dotted line! If you want to know whether or not you have a competitive agreement, you’ll need to prepare, do some research and maybe invite several suppliers to submit proposals. As Roger Maris said, preparation will help you hit that home run.
There is a lot more to a fuel supplier relationship than just purchasing fuel. You are dealing with substantial costs that affect operating expenses and have an impact on your:
Yes, profit is great. That’s why you are in business. Don’t forget your fuel supplier is in business to make a profit too. You need balance in your agreement to ensure a winning contract for both parties.
In our NATA FBO Success Seminars, we teach a course about negotiating a favorable fuel supplier agreement. In this course, we also discuss how and when to buy aviation fuel. Here is an overview of some of the elements to address in a fuel supply agreement.
First, of course: What is the fuel going to cost? In order to answer this question we need to understand how world fuel markets work.
No doubt you hear all the time on the news what the price of crude oil is doing. As you know, it has been all over the place but mostly up, up, up — with an occasional downward correction. The price of crude drives jet fuel prices, but it is also affected by supply and demand, speculators, inventory, etc. So how do all the world buyers keep track?
The Platts Oilgram Price Report published daily by McGraw-Hill includes the Platts Jet Fuel Index. The fuel price indices are published worldwide with nine regional segments in the United States alone. There are also indices for Europe, Middle East and the Far East.
For general aviation, each week, the daily U.S. Jet A index prices are averaged. The change in the average price for the week generally is posted on a Tuesday, and your Jet A fuel price changes are calculated by the change in the average change for the week. You may purchase a subscription to this information from McGraw-Hill. (It is expensive.) A free source of Jet A pricing information and changes is the IATA web site, which maintains the Jet Fuel Price Monitor and Fuel Price Analysis.
Because jet fuel is priced based upon a Platts index, ask your potential supplier to quote a fuel price based upon a nearby index. For example, we can choose the Gulf Coast, New York, Los Angeles or another available index.
Given that the fuel supplier needs to make some money, it will quote a price based upon a Platts index, plus a differential (the supplier’s profit margin). Ask several suppliers to quote a price based on the same Platts fuel price index for a specific date, plus a differential. Now you can measure each quote on an apples-to-apples basis.
Say your business is doing $5 million per year in fuel sales, and you are paying anywhere from $125,000 to $185,000 per year in credit card fees that can range up to 4 percent or higher. How would you like to save $10,000, $20,000 or even $30,000 per year on these credit card expenses?
Believe it or not, you can realize this kind of savings when you negotiate your new fuel supplier agreement. Yes, you may negotiate the best arrangement for credit card fees paid vs. payment terms. We like to call this free money! This savings goes right down to your profit line.
In addition, did you know that until recently, you were paying on average $0.41 per transaction for each debit card transaction? This fee just dropped to $0.21 in July!
When you ask various suppliers for a fuel proposal, credit card fees and payment of due amounts are part of the competitive nature of your agreement. By getting better rates on your credit cards and educating your employees on the best card to use, you can save substantial money for this expense. Again, free money!
When you have to purchase a load of jet fuel, you either need to have cash in hand or, in short order, the cash to pay for the load. That’s $25,000 or more.
If you have collected your accounts receivable and reconciled your credit card payments, then you’re in pretty good shape. However, if it happens to be Friday, the payroll is due, and your insurance payment is due, then, all of sudden, you’re short on cash.
As part of your fuel supply agreement, you need to negotiate favorable credit terms. Of course you need to provide financial statements to support a credit line, which is no different than when you apply for credit from your local bank.
These are just a few of the terms that affect your profitability. You should also prepare to negotiate these other components that are part of a comprehensive fuel supply agreement:
All these issues affect the cost and benefit to you and your fuel supplier. As the FBO owner, you should evaluate proposals from various suppliers to get the best agreement. Remember Roger Maris. Preparation is the name of the game when working toward a balanced fuel supply agreement.
If you would like more information or assistance in developing a favorable fuel supplier agreement, please let me know. In addition, the National Air Transportation Association (NATA) is a great resource. We will be covering this subject in detail at the next NATA FBO Success Seminar: Fuel Summit 2011, Nov. 8-10, Atlanta.
We would like to hear from you. Give us your comments. You can call me at 404-867-5518, email me at jenticknap@bellsouth.net, or go to our web site for more information: www.absggroup.com.
John Enticknap founded Aviation Business Strategies Group in 2006 following a distinguished career in aviation fueling and FBO management, including as president of Mercury Air Centers. He is the author of 10 Steps to Building a Profitable FBO and developed NATA’s acclaimed FBO Success Seminar Series.
“You can't do today's job with yesterday's methods and be in business tomorrow.” – Anonymous
We know the pricing game all too well. Gas stations and auto dealerships have conditioned us to react to pricing of a product or service by offering a perception of a good deal.
In the FBO fuel pricing arena, we tend to play the same game.
In a previous blog post, FBO Fuel Pricing: Seeking a Silver Bullet, we discussed some pricing theory and came up with some ideas to find the silver bullet — which is the best price.
In the FBO business today, some customers call ahead for fuel prices, seek to use contract fuel suppliers and try to negotiate when they arrive on your ramp. We would like our customers to believe that our prices are well thought out and not just some arbitrary posted numbers.
Knowing how customers interpret numbers can help your FBO make stronger pricing decisions. What we would like to discuss here are some thoughts that go through people’s minds when they are looking to purchase. Consider these ideas drawn from “The Importance of Numbers,” written by Geoff Williams and published in Go magazine:
If you make your prices easier to remember, comparison shoppers should think of your FBO more readily. Your potential to complete a sale increases.
The numbers 0 and 5 are remembered easily. For example, $4.70 for a gallon of fuel is easier to remember than $4.72, and $5.50 sticks better than $5.58.
Precise numbers seem less flexible to consumers than rounded numbers, according to a study by a social psychologist named Matt Wallaert. If you price your fuel at $6.00 per gallon, your price might seem flexible. If your price is $6.23, it appears to be non-negotiable.
Our minds play tricks, according to DePaul University professor and pricing expert Tim Smith. Auto gasoline priced at $3.699 is really $3.70 a gallon. In the Western world, our languages read left to right, so to some extent, we encode the lower numbers on the left first. In addition, we seek the best deal from a rational point of view, but we perceive emotionally that we have “saved” by not paying $3.70 a gallon.
We tend to have a mindset when it comes to prices. It is incumbent on us to break out of normal thought patterns and be original with our pricing proposals to pilots. If you know how people view numbers, you can predict their reaction to prices and, therefore, price more strategically. For example, above a certain threshold — say $5.00 per gallon — people will not react too differently to $5.25 or even $5.45 a gallon. They will not balk until you approach the next threshold, $6.00 per gallon. For maintenance services, on a higher price scale, $875 is better than $900, yet $825 will sell as well as $800.
Blogger John Enticknap presents at the 2011 Florida Aviation Trades Association (FATA) annual conference.Much can be said about numbers and their importance to your pricing theory as well as your target margin — both gross and net. By keeping in mind some of the psychological factors discussed above, you have a better chance of making the sale.
As our anonymous quote states, we must keep an open mind and study new business ideas and methods to be successful. Yes, we see many of the same business situations time and again in the FBO business, but that should not allow us to get complacent or not try new thinking.
Stay flexible, and stay informed.
Please let me know what you think, and share your ideas. Please email me at jenticknap@bellsouth.net.
The next NATA FBO Success Seminar is scheduled for Nov. 8-10 in Atlanta. Register at nata.aero.
John Enticknap founded Aviation Business Strategies Group in 2006 following a distinguished career in aviation fueling and FBO management, including as president of Mercury Air Centers. He is the author of 10 Steps to Building a Profitable FBO and developed NATA’s acclaimed FBO Success Seminar Series.
"Everybody has accepted by now that change is unavoidable. But that still implies that change is like death and taxes — it should be postponed as long as possible and no change would be vastly preferable. But in a period of upheaval, such as the one we are living in, change is the norm." – Peter Drucker, Management Challenges for the 21st Century (1999)
Recently, I was reading an article posted to Eye on the Economy on msnbc.com. The article was titled “As oil prices drop, Fed should get credit.” After reading the article, I decided to write Part 2 to a previous blog post titled The Cost of Aviation Fuel.
In the first post, I talked about continued increases in the cost of aviation fuel and what FBOs can do to mitigate high retail prices. We looked at a number of the reasons for the increasing cost of fuel:
Since then, here is what is happening in the world markets:
The Platts fuel index prices peaked two weeks ago. The Gulf Coast Pipeline mean was $3.3239 per gallon. Looks like the West Coast took the prize for the highest Platts prices at $3.4275.
So what happened in the last two weeks? Prices dropped more than 15 cents last week (May 10). This week, we have seen nearly an additional 8 cent drop (May 16). We now have a drop of 23 cents! Perhaps your customers are wondering why you haven’t dropped your price.
I’ve seen posted retail prices of Jet A as high as $8.74 per gallon. Who is going to pay that for jet fuel?
And what’s going on with oil futures? The trend right now is good, but will it last? There are many factors in the national and world marketplace that can affect what is happening.
On a national basis, we have the debt ceiling vote coming within two weeks or so; the economy might continue to slow; demand might be down; the Middle East could get more unstable. All these issues can negatively affect the markets and drive up prices again.
It appears the oil commodities markets/speculators are backing off the high prices to be paid for futures.
Simply put, the forces that drove the market up are now down.
All this begs several questions:
First, do not change your price! You have all that high priced fuel in storage — the same goes for the terminals and pipelines. This high-priced inventory will take a few weeks to work itself through the system. So when you purchase you next load of fuel, you will then be able to purchase at the lower price. How fast you turn over your fuel will determine how and when you pass along price reductions to your customers.
In a previous blog post, we talked about FBO Fuel Pricing: Seeking a Silver Bullet, so we won’t plow that ground twice. Suffice it to say you must maintain your margin to sustain your profitability and understand pricing theory. But the high price of fuel is making the customers very price sensitive. Change is coming!
One possible scenario is to establish a dual pricing strategy by providing an a la carte service as well as a full-service offering.
Remember when gas stations offered two levels of service, self service and full service? You would pay extra if you wanted everything under the hood plus your wipers and tire pressure checked. Otherwise, you saved by doing it yourself.
An FBO could offer two levels of service as well. For instance, you could offer full service for one price, whether retail or contract fuel. Under this pricing scenario, you continue to offer all your usual amenities for one set full-service price.
Then you could offer a discounted or a la carte “basic” service price. If the operator wanted other services, he could pay for ice, coffee, papers, lounge, transportation, baggage handling, galley and lav servicing, etc.
Our advice is to stay in touch with your fuel suppliers and what is happening in the national and world marketplace. Change will continue to happen, and you must be aware of it and react in a reasonable businesslike manner to be successful. Think seriously about an a la carte or full-service pricing methodology.
The next NATA FBO Success Seminar is scheduled for Nov. 8-10 in Atlanta. Register at nata.aero.
John Enticknap founded Aviation Business Strategies Group in 2006 following a distinguished career in aviation fueling and FBO management, including as president of Mercury Air Centers. He is the author of 10 Steps to Building a Profitable FBO and developed NATA’s acclaimed FBO Success Seminar Series.
“Business, more than any other occupation, is a continual dealing with the future; it is a continual calculation, an instinctive exercise in foresight.” – Henry R. Luce
We think it’s fair to say we are all feeling the impact on fuel price increases over the last six months or so. As a pilot, I’m seeking the best fuel price and am modifying my flying patterns to get the best deal.
Historically, after an initial spike in oil prices, the market tends to settle down. So why haven’t we seen a stabilization in Jet A fuel prices? What’s causing the volatility in the open and spot fuel markets?
Besides the obvious affects of world events, including the disaster in Japan and political upheaval in the Middle East oil-producing regions, there are other underlying dynamics that contribute to rising aviation fuel prices.
Let’s review a few articles that have been written lately.
As discussed in Charles Kadlec’s article, the current Fed policy of keeping the value of the dollar low in the international markets is one of the main influences. Because it takes more dollars to buy a barrel of oil, the low dollar value pressure drives up the costs. It’s not necessary to review the entire article here, but suffice it to say the continued low value of the dollar is not going to reverse anytime soon.
In the article “Oil Spike Prompts Airline Profit Fears,” the authors discuss in detail the increasing cost of fuel and its effects on the airline industry. The airlines anticipated the increasing cost of fuel to be in the $75 to $90 range, but now a barrel of oil costs more than $108 this week. The economics of the airlines are such that a $1 increase in the price of a barrel of oil will increase the costs to the airlines more than $1 billion in a year.
As a result, the airlines are looking at a $10 billion cost increase in 2011 with fuel costs, on average, representing approximately 29 percent of the airlines’ operating costs. In order to gain back revenue, airline ticket prices are going up. Expect to see more fees and reduced flights with higher load factors.
The NBAA article details some similar statistics. They indicate 20 to 25 percent of a turbine operator’s cost of operation is fuel. The article notes, as we have discussed in previous blogs, that corporate operators are utilizing tactics such as using contract fuel providers, discounts with their base FBOs, tankering fuel and other fuel savings measures.
As Henry Luce noted in his quote, in business we are always trying to look into the future. So looking into the crystal ball, what is going to happen with fuel costs, and what can we do about it? With the continued world unrest in the Middle East, oil prices will probably remain volatile.
The wild card in this equation is the Fed monetary policy. If the dollar remains weak, it’s our opinion the price of a barrel of oil is not going to go down anytime soon. Unfortunately, these factors are also going to slow down the economic recovery.
The bottom line: Just as the airlines are dealing with higher fuel costs, the cost of operating your FBO is going to go up and will probably not get any better soon. You’re also going to continue to see increased pressure on your fuel margin as aircraft operators, faced with their own budget problems, seek to negotiate better fuel prices.
So how do you survive during this fuel crisis? First, you must reconnect with your customers. Get out from behind the desk, and be a pro-active owner/operator. Be the restaurant owner!
Get to know your base customers and your transient customers. Learn their needs, wants and desires. By knowing your customers’ requirements, you can negotiate your own fuel delivery program that is customized to their operating parameters. At the same time, you minimize outside influences and maximize your returns. With regards to transient customers, you should already know who is flying into your location, so meet with them, and negotiate a reasonable service fee program which includes your fuel delivery.
Secondly, remember the Pareto 80–20 Principle.
Generally, the Pareto Principle is the observation (not law) that most things in life are not distributed evenly. It can mean all of the following things:
The Pareto Principle helps you realize the majority of results come from a minority of inputs.
As the FBO manager and chief marketing/sales person, this principle can help you concentrate your efforts by identifying your top customers — the important 20 percent that generate 80 percent of your business. That is the best bang for your buck. Know these folks well. This understanding of the vital few is what will make your business successful, and you can manage the change in cost of fuel.
Remember our premise as we forecast for the future. Concentrate on what you can control in a measured and methodical manner. We have little control over world events or what the Fed is going to do with monetary policy.
How are you dealing with the higher fuel costs? I’d like to know. Please email me at jenticknap@bellsouth.net.
John Enticknap founded Aviation Business Strategies Group in 2006 following a distinguished career in aviation fueling and FBO management, including as president of Mercury Air Centers. He is the author of 10 Steps to Building a Profitable FBO and developed NATA’s acclaimed FBO Success Seminar Series.
Ever since the Lone Ranger first loaded his trusty six-shooter with silver bullets, I’ve been intrigued with the idea of formulating a single straightforward solution for pricing fuel at FBO operations I’ve managed over the years.
This search for the silver bullet is a subject we discuss at our FBO Success Seminars, and FBO managers in attendance often voice their concerns about how to effectively price fuel. On one hand, they’re concerned about the bottom line. On the other hand, they don’t want to price themselves out of the market and lose valuable customers in the process.
Indeed, it’s a two-edge sword. The trick is to maximize both cutting edges. Let me explain.
FBO managers are no different than any other business manager that sells a service or product. The same rules apply. Every FBO sells fuel — both Jet A and 100LL are the same specifications from all the manufacturers — so trying to differentiate your business on product is almost impossible. Same goes for quality control: Either it’s done well, or you’re going to be out of business.
What you need to look at is maximizing your Customer Value Proposition (CVP) — the facilities, the delivery (customer service) and the selling price. We’ll discuss the delivery aspect in future blogs. For now, let’s concentrate on the one factor many managers forget, or do not consider enough, and that’s the pricing equation, which requires putting some effort into research and calculations.
So let’s do the math. There are generally four types of pricing:
Before we decide which type of pricing methodology we use, we need to determine our costs. We need to know what it costs to get the fuel truck with clean fuel to an aircraft on our ramp with a trained line service technician. (Let’s not get into a discussion here on fixed and variable costs. That’s another blog.)
Next, let’s look at our fuel cost from our supplier, including mark-ups over Platts (or rack price), plus transportation, plus fed taxes, plus flowage fees, plus state fees (not sales tax) and any other local fees. In today’s marketplace, that number is greater than $3 per gallon for Jet A.
Now we need to look at your cost of labor and overhead and covert the number to a per gallon rate.
After that exercise, let’s say we have our fuel cost at $3.10 and our cost of labor and overhead of $0.55 per gallon. So our cost is $3.65/gallon. (This example is for Jet A.)
But before we start talking about which pricing method to use, we need to do some research on your FBO marketplace. If we look at various publications and web sites, like acufuel.com, we can determine local and national fuel selling prices.
One current survey for national and regional pricing shows the following:
This translates to a national average selling price of $5.05. In addition, find out what the local posted fuel pricing is at your competitor FBO and within a 50-mile radius of your base.
The other research question you need to tackle is: What are the contract fuel selling prices in your local area? Once you have this data, then we can look how we put a retail price on the fuel.
One of the most important tasks we must keep in mind is maximizing our profit position. Profit is our friend. Profit is our goal.
In order to maximize our profit position, we rely on a standardized fuel pricing method. We think it is fair to say most FBOs use either cost-plus pricing or mark-up pricing. Cost-plus means you want to make a certain “plus” above your cost. For example, your cost is $3.65, and you want to make $1.00 per gallon. Selling price would be $4.65; a profit of 21.5 percent on sales.
Mark-up pricing, on the other hand, says you want to make $0.90 per gallon. Your selling price would be $4.55 or just short of a 25 percent mark-up on cost.
Both of these methods are common in the manufacturing business arena. The difference in these two methods lies in the difference in margin and mark-up. This can be a lengthy discussion, but suffice it to say, a thorough understanding of your costs of operation to include labor, facilities, other income, overhead, etc. affects what margin you use to show a profit, which in turn, allows you to calculate what mark-up percentage you must use to get to the intended profit level.
We might suggest a demand pricing method. Service industries use this pricing methodology consisting of:
You start by knowing what goal you have for gallon sales for the month. Establish your competitive average sale price within the range of the market of, say, 50-100 miles. Look at your fuel sales, each day, each week, and adjust your pricing on a daily, monthly or discount-per-individual-sale basis to meet your goals at the end of the month. Keep in mind, of course, what your financial break-even point is so you don’t end up selling for below cost. Demand pricing models are very complex and are used by firms such as airlines, cruise lines, freight carriers and others who sell perishable services.
Competitive pricing comes into play with the contract fuel market. This trend has accelerated in the last couple of years. It has led to decreased margins on fuel sales. Has it increased your fuel sales to make up for the lost margin? That is always the claim from the contract fuel suppliers, which now include the major retail suppliers — a building dilemma for the FBO. At the FBO Success Seminars, we have a complete class on this important issue.
In the end, the Lone Ranger always prevailed and got his man. He did his homework, scouted the trail and, of course, he had his trusty six-shooter loaded with silver bullets.
For the FBO owner and manager, the silver bullet is knowledge. Know your customers, and know your business. It’s a thorough and detailed understanding of your FBO cost structure.
John Enticknap founded Aviation Business Strategies Group in 2006 following a distinguished career in aviation fueling and FBO management, including as president of Mercury Air Centers. He is the author of 10 Steps to Building a Profitable FBO and developed NATA’s acclaimed FBO Success Seminar Series.
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